Systematic reviews

Our systematic reviews appraise and synthesise the available high-quality evidence on the effectiveness of social and economic development interventions in low- and middle-income countries. These reviews follow scientifically recognised review methods, and they are peer-reviewed and quality-assured according to internationally accepted standards. We publish the full systematic review technical reports on our website and in the Campbell Collaboration or other recognised library, and we produce summary reports and briefs tailored for decision makers and other users.

Latest systematic review technical reports

Systematic review technical reports

The effectiveness of contract farming in improving smallholder income and food security in low- and middle-income countries: a mixed-method systematic review

Systematic review 3ie PDF icon 2017  

This systematic review by Ton and colleagues examines the effectiveness of contract farming, a common means of sourcing farm produce from smallholder farmers in low- and middle-income countries. Th

Interventions to improve the labour market outcomes of youth: A systematic review of training, entrepreneurship promotion, employment services and subsidized employment interventions

Systematic review 3ie PDF icon 2017  

This systematic review by Kluve and colleagues examines the effects of active labour market programmes for youth, including training and skills development, entrepreneurship promotion, employment s

Promoting handwashing and sanitation behaviour change in low- and middle-income countries: A mixed-method systematic review

Systematic review 3ie PDF icon 2017  
Authors of this review shows which WASH promotional approaches are effective and which implementation factors affect the success or failure of such interventions

Incorporating the life-cycle approach into WASH policies and programmes: A systematic review

Systematic review 3ie PDF icon 2017  
This systematic review assesses the extent to which WASH policies, programmes and projects in eleven priority countries have been inclusive of different population segments during the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) period.

Effects of certification schemes for agricultural production on socio-economic outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review

Systematic review 3ie PDF icon 2017  

Certification schemes set and monitor voluntary standards to make agricultural production socially sustainable and agricultural trade fairer for producers and workers.

Short-term WASH interventions in emergency response: a systematic review

Systematic review 3ie PDF icon 2017  

This is a systematic review that synthesised evidence on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) interventions implemented in the first 12 months of an emergency response.

Community monitoring interventions to curb corruption and increase access and quality of service delivery in low- and middle-income countries

Systematic review 3ie PDF icon 2017  

This systematic review by Molina et al. assesses the evidence on effects of community monitoring interventions (CMIs) on corruption and access and quality of service delivery outcomes.

Effects and mechanisms of market-based reforms on access to electricity in developing countries: a systematic review

Systematic review 3ie PDF icon 2016  
This systematic review by Bensch and colleagues examines the impacts of market-based reforms on access to electricity in developing countries, compiling evidence from both quantitative and qualitative rigorous impact evaluations.

Youth gang violence and preventative measures in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review (Part II)

Systematic review 3ie PDF icon 2016  

This review by Higginson and colleagues looks at youth gang violence and preventative measures in low- and middle-income countries.

Youth gang membership and violence in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review (Part I)

Systematic review 3ie PDF icon 2016  

This review by Higginson and colleagues is the first of a two part systematic review that examines the predictors of youth participation in gangs and preventative