Skip to main content
  • Our expertise
    • Evidence mapping
    • Impact evaluation
    • Synthesis
    • Evidence impact
    • Replication
    • Capacity development
    • Research transparency
    • Services
    • Advocacy

    3ie invented evidence gap maps to improve decision-making around where to make investments in producing more evidence or synthesising existing evidence. Since then, we have pioneered further advancements, including developing our interactive online map platform and innovating evidence mapping to broaden its use in development decision-making.

    3ie funds and quality assures formative and impact evaluations of development programmes in low- and middle-income countries. These evaluations provide crucial evidence on what works, for whom, why and at what cost. On our website, we host the largest-of-its-kind impact evaluation repository that includes summaries of both 3ie-funded and other studies.

    We are global leaders in producing and assuring the quality of theory-based systematic reviews of the effectiveness of development interventions. 3ie continues to innovate and improve synthesis and systematic review methodologies and the uptake and use of synthesised evidence.

    3ie specialises in increasing access to, demand for and use of evidence by governments, parliaments, programme managers, civil society, programme participants and the media. We do this by emphasising the value of planning and engaging with stakeholders to ensure that evaluations and reviews are relevant and useful. We use robust and effective monitoring to measure evidence use so that we can convey evidence impact on programmes and policies with greater confidence.

    We set up our replication programme to address the need for a freely available global public good that helps improve the quality and reliability of impact evaluation evidence used for development decision-making. Replication is the most established method of research validation in science, yet it has not been fully embraced by the research community or development donors, leading to this gap.

    3ie’s evidence programmes and services help build technical capacity to commission and conduct rigorous evaluations, produce evidence gap maps, conduct evidence synthesis and use evidence. We also work with L&MIC governments to build effective monitoring and evaluation systems. 3ie’s bursary programme supports L&MIC policymakers, programme managers and researchers to participate in specialised training and international events.

    3ie has always been strongly committed to research transparency and open access to data. We are proud to be a leader in the growing movement to improve global standards for research transparency.

    On request, 3ie provides services to partners for supporting the generation and use of evidence to inform their development policies and programmes. We commission and quality assure evidence gap maps, evaluations and syntheses as well as provide training.

    3ie plays a unique role in promoting collaboration among researchers, policymakers and development programme managers at country, regional and global levels. Our global advocacy for evidence-informed action helps ensure decision makers have quality evidence about what works when they need it.

  • Evidence hub
    • 3ie Development Evidence Portal
    • Evidence gap maps
    • Replication studies
    • Publications
    • RIDIE

    Searching this database will bring up published impact evaluations from our Impact Evaluation Repository as well as completed 3ie-funded impact evaluations.

    These provide a visual display of completed and ongoing systematic reviews and impact evaluations in a sector or sub-sector, structured around a framework of interventions and outcomes.

    We provide funding for replications, conduct in-house replication research and publish guidance on replication methodology. We also provide funding to original authors of 3ie-funded for preparing their raw datasets.

    As part of our mandate as a knowledge producer and translator for our main audiences, we publish a range of knowledge products. These include briefs, impact evaluation reports, systematic review reports and summaries, replication papers, evidence gap map reports, scoping reports and working papers.

    3ie’s Registry for International Development Impact Evaluations (RIDIE) aims to enhance the transparency and quality of impact evaluation research before it begins.

  • Our work
      • Agriculture
      • Education
      • Environment
      • Governance
      • Health
      • Humanitarian
      • Infrastructure
      • Livelihoods
      • Public finance
      • Social protection
      • Water, sanitation and hygiene
    • Working with governments
      • Philippines
      • Uganda
      • West Africa Capacity-buidling and Impact Evaluation
    • Replication
      • Replication Programme on Financial Services for the Poor
      • Replication programme on HIV prevention

    3ie’s evidence programmes support studies to fill critical knowledge gaps in a sector, sub-sector or in an area with limited rigorous evidence. We fund studies under a specific theme or which address a particular question or set of questions in programme areas where our donors want to expand global public knowledge of what works and what does not.

    To help address gaps in the understanding of what works and what does not, we fund a variety of studies across this programme area, including interventions focused on insurance, extension, land-use and forestry, and innovation and technology.

    3ie supports impact evaluations, systematic reviews and evidence gap maps on education effectiveness that help answer the questions of what works, for whom, why and at what cost.

    We fund the production of rigorous evidence on biodiversity and forest conservation programmes, environmental regulations, impact of sustainable fuels, climate change mitigation and adaptation.

    3ie is supporting the generation of evidence in areas such as transparency and accountability in natural resource governance. We also fund the production of rigorous evidence on interventions to curb corruption, judicial and civil service reforms, land reforms, public financial management, conflict prevention and peacebuilding, decentralised governance and public service delivery.

    We fund the production of rigorous evidence on interventions on HIV and AIDS, immunisation maternal and child health, nutrition and sexual and reproductive health through a number of evidence programmes. Evidence products from these programmes include replication studies, evidence gap maps, systematic reviews and impact evaluations.

    We are supporting the generation of rigorous evidence in humanitarian contexts on interventions related to water, sanitation and hygiene, food security, multi-sectoral humanitarian programming and interventions targeting malnutrition.

    We fund the production of rigorous evidence on the socio-economic and environmental impacts of public transportation by rail, bus and rapid transit systems, and essential services such as electricity and gas to expand access, foster inclusive growth, and combat climate change through sustainable systems.

    3ie, in collaboration with India’s rural development ministry is working to generate rigorous evidence on the impact of the National Rural Livelihoods Mission.

    We support policy-relevant studies that contribute to improving our understanding of public expenditure trends and improving the delivery of public goods.

    We support impact evaluations to build the evidence base on the effectiveness of interventions that reduce the risks faced by the poor through participation in public works and employment programmes.

    3ie’s has two major evidence programmes that support the generation and use of high-quality evidence for informing decision-making in the water, sanitation and hygiene sector

    .

    We work with various departments in the Philippines government to develop and fund rigorous evidence useful for policymakers. We also support capacity-building activities for Philippine researchers and support the impact evaluation management framework of the National Economic and Development Authority.

    Working in collaboration with the Office of the Prime Minister, the primary aim is to improve developmental outcomes through evidence-informed decision making in Uganda. 3ie is currently supporting evaluation of government programmes around youth livelihood, family planning, public service delivery and local governance, and universal primary education.

    3ie and the government of Benin are working on a a multi-year regional initiative that aims to promote the institutionalization of evaluation in government systems across eight countries in West Africa, including: Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal and Togo.
     

    .

    3ie funds internal replications of influential or innovative impact evaluations of financial interventions on mobile money, cash transfers, bank deposits, and other financial service interventions targeted towards underserved and unbanked populations in developing countries.

    3ie funds internal replications of influential or innovative impact evaluations of biomedical, behavioural, social, and structural HIV prevention and treatment interventions to improve the evidence base in low- and middle-income countries.

  • Funding
    • Open opportunities
    • Bursary programme

    View our current funding opportunities for evaluations, systematic reviews and internal replication studies.

    3ie’s bursary programme offers funding for individuals to attend workshops and conferences related to impact evaluations and systematic reviews.

  • About us
    • What drives us
    • Meet the team
    • 3ie senior research fellows
    • Governance
    • Members
    • 3ie supporters
    • Partners
    • Institutional policies and reports
    • 3ie at a glance
    • Jobs
    • Contact us
  • Events
  • Blogs
  • Media room
  • Newsletter
  • Resources
    • 3ie Development Evidence Portal
    • Impact evaluation glossary
    • Video lectures
    • Publications
    • Journal of Development Effectiveness
  • Our expertise
    • Evidence mapping
    • Impact evaluation
    • Synthesis
    • Evidence impact
    • Replication
    • Capacity development
    • Research transparency
    • Services
    • Advocacy

    3ie invented evidence gap maps to improve decision-making around where to make investments in producing more evidence or synthesising existing evidence. Since then, we have pioneered further advancements, including developing our interactive online map platform and innovating evidence mapping to broaden its use in development decision-making.

    3ie funds and quality assures formative and impact evaluations of development programmes in low- and middle-income countries. These evaluations provide crucial evidence on what works, for whom, why and at what cost. On our website, we host the largest-of-its-kind impact evaluation repository that includes summaries of both 3ie-funded and other studies.

    We are global leaders in producing and assuring the quality of theory-based systematic reviews of the effectiveness of development interventions. 3ie continues to innovate and improve synthesis and systematic review methodologies and the uptake and use of synthesised evidence.

    3ie specialises in increasing access to, demand for and use of evidence by governments, parliaments, programme managers, civil society, programme participants and the media. We do this by emphasising the value of planning and engaging with stakeholders to ensure that evaluations and reviews are relevant and useful. We use robust and effective monitoring to measure evidence use so that we can convey evidence impact on programmes and policies with greater confidence.

    We set up our replication programme to address the need for a freely available global public good that helps improve the quality and reliability of impact evaluation evidence used for development decision-making. Replication is the most established method of research validation in science, yet it has not been fully embraced by the research community or development donors, leading to this gap.

    3ie’s evidence programmes and services help build technical capacity to commission and conduct rigorous evaluations, produce evidence gap maps, conduct evidence synthesis and use evidence. We also work with L&MIC governments to build effective monitoring and evaluation systems. 3ie’s bursary programme supports L&MIC policymakers, programme managers and researchers to participate in specialised training and international events.

    3ie has always been strongly committed to research transparency and open access to data. We are proud to be a leader in the growing movement to improve global standards for research transparency.

    On request, 3ie provides services to partners for supporting the generation and use of evidence to inform their development policies and programmes. We commission and quality assure evidence gap maps, evaluations and syntheses as well as provide training.

    3ie plays a unique role in promoting collaboration among researchers, policymakers and development programme managers at country, regional and global levels. Our global advocacy for evidence-informed action helps ensure decision makers have quality evidence about what works when they need it.

  • Evidence hub
    • 3ie Development Evidence Portal
    • Evidence gap maps
    • Replication studies
    • Publications
    • RIDIE

    Searching this database will bring up published impact evaluations from our Impact Evaluation Repository as well as completed 3ie-funded impact evaluations.

    These provide a visual display of completed and ongoing systematic reviews and impact evaluations in a sector or sub-sector, structured around a framework of interventions and outcomes.

    We provide funding for replications, conduct in-house replication research and publish guidance on replication methodology. We also provide funding to original authors of 3ie-funded for preparing their raw datasets.

    As part of our mandate as a knowledge producer and translator for our main audiences, we publish a range of knowledge products. These include briefs, impact evaluation reports, systematic review reports and summaries, replication papers, evidence gap map reports, scoping reports and working papers.

    3ie’s Registry for International Development Impact Evaluations (RIDIE) aims to enhance the transparency and quality of impact evaluation research before it begins.

  • Our work
      • Agriculture
      • Education
      • Environment
      • Governance
      • Health
      • Humanitarian
      • Infrastructure
      • Livelihoods
      • Public finance
      • Social protection
      • Water, sanitation and hygiene
    • Working with governments
      • Philippines
      • Uganda
      • West Africa Capacity-buidling and Impact Evaluation
    • Replication
      • Replication Programme on Financial Services for the Poor
      • Replication programme on HIV prevention

    3ie’s evidence programmes support studies to fill critical knowledge gaps in a sector, sub-sector or in an area with limited rigorous evidence. We fund studies under a specific theme or which address a particular question or set of questions in programme areas where our donors want to expand global public knowledge of what works and what does not.

    To help address gaps in the understanding of what works and what does not, we fund a variety of studies across this programme area, including interventions focused on insurance, extension, land-use and forestry, and innovation and technology.

    3ie supports impact evaluations, systematic reviews and evidence gap maps on education effectiveness that help answer the questions of what works, for whom, why and at what cost.

    We fund the production of rigorous evidence on biodiversity and forest conservation programmes, environmental regulations, impact of sustainable fuels, climate change mitigation and adaptation.

    3ie is supporting the generation of evidence in areas such as transparency and accountability in natural resource governance. We also fund the production of rigorous evidence on interventions to curb corruption, judicial and civil service reforms, land reforms, public financial management, conflict prevention and peacebuilding, decentralised governance and public service delivery.

    We fund the production of rigorous evidence on interventions on HIV and AIDS, immunisation maternal and child health, nutrition and sexual and reproductive health through a number of evidence programmes. Evidence products from these programmes include replication studies, evidence gap maps, systematic reviews and impact evaluations.

    We are supporting the generation of rigorous evidence in humanitarian contexts on interventions related to water, sanitation and hygiene, food security, multi-sectoral humanitarian programming and interventions targeting malnutrition.

    We fund the production of rigorous evidence on the socio-economic and environmental impacts of public transportation by rail, bus and rapid transit systems, and essential services such as electricity and gas to expand access, foster inclusive growth, and combat climate change through sustainable systems.

    3ie, in collaboration with India’s rural development ministry is working to generate rigorous evidence on the impact of the National Rural Livelihoods Mission.

    We support policy-relevant studies that contribute to improving our understanding of public expenditure trends and improving the delivery of public goods.

    We support impact evaluations to build the evidence base on the effectiveness of interventions that reduce the risks faced by the poor through participation in public works and employment programmes.

    3ie’s has two major evidence programmes that support the generation and use of high-quality evidence for informing decision-making in the water, sanitation and hygiene sector

    .

    We work with various departments in the Philippines government to develop and fund rigorous evidence useful for policymakers. We also support capacity-building activities for Philippine researchers and support the impact evaluation management framework of the National Economic and Development Authority.

    Working in collaboration with the Office of the Prime Minister, the primary aim is to improve developmental outcomes through evidence-informed decision making in Uganda. 3ie is currently supporting evaluation of government programmes around youth livelihood, family planning, public service delivery and local governance, and universal primary education.

    3ie and the government of Benin are working on a a multi-year regional initiative that aims to promote the institutionalization of evaluation in government systems across eight countries in West Africa, including: Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal and Togo.
     

    .

    3ie funds internal replications of influential or innovative impact evaluations of financial interventions on mobile money, cash transfers, bank deposits, and other financial service interventions targeted towards underserved and unbanked populations in developing countries.

    3ie funds internal replications of influential or innovative impact evaluations of biomedical, behavioural, social, and structural HIV prevention and treatment interventions to improve the evidence base in low- and middle-income countries.

  • Funding
    • Open opportunities
    • Bursary programme

    View our current funding opportunities for evaluations, systematic reviews and internal replication studies.

    3ie’s bursary programme offers funding for individuals to attend workshops and conferences related to impact evaluations and systematic reviews.

Breadcrumb

  1. Home
  2. Evidence hub
  3. Publications
  4. Impact evaluations
  5. What happens once the intervention ends? The medium term impacts of a cash transfer programme in Malawi
  • Publications
  • Briefs
    • Evidence gap map
    • Evidence use
    • Impact evaluation
    • Learning summary
    • Programme overview
    • Systematic review
    • Replication studies
    • Working paper
    • Other briefs
  • Evidence gap maps
  • Impact evaluations
  • Replication papers
  • Scoping papers
  • Systematic reviews
  • Systematic review summaries
  • Working papers
  • Other evaluations
What happens once the intervention ends? The medium-term impacts of a cash transfer programme in Malawi

What happens once the intervention ends? The medium-term impacts of a cash transfer programme in Malawi

3ie Impact Evaluation Report 27

Sarah Baird, Ephraim Chirwa, Craig McIntosh, Berk Özler

  • Article

  • Metrics

  • Related Content

This study by Sarah Baird, Ephraim Chirwa, Craig McIntosh and Berk Özler evaluated the impacts of the Zomba cash transfer programme (ZCTP) in Malawi two years after the programme ended. The ZCTP took place during 2008-2009 and involved cash transfers, both conditional on schooling and unconditionally, to never-married young women in the age group 13-22 years. The study tries to understand if ZCTP had lasting effects on education, marriage and fertility, health and nutrition, and sexual behaviour of young females.

Overall, the study findings suggest that the benefits of unconditional cash transfer did not sustain beyond the programme period. However, conditional transfers to girls who had dropped out of school had large and durable impacts on primary school completion, years of education, marriage rates and likelihood of bearing children.

Impacts of engaging communities through traditional and religious leaders on vaccination coverage in Cross River State, Nigeria

Impacts of engaging communities through traditional and religious leaders on vaccination coverage in Cross River State, Nigeria

Impact evaluation 3ie 2020
Authors of this report evaluate a multicomponent intervention that uses traditional and religious leaders for engaging their communities in planning, implementation and monitoring of immunisation services in Cross River State, Nigeria.

Evaluating the impact of interventions to improve full immunisation rates in Haryana, India

Evaluating the impact of interventions to improve full immunisation rates in Haryana, India

Impact evaluation 3ie 2020
Authors of this study evaluate if incentivising caregivers, disseminating information through community social network and targeted text and voice call reminders can improve immunisation coverage of children in Haryana, India.

Impacts of community-led video education to increase vaccination coverage in Uttar Pradesh, India

Impacts of community-led video education to increase vaccination coverage in Uttar Pradesh, India

Impact evaluation 3ie 2020
Authors of this study evaluate whether a community-led video education intervention, targeting knowledge and behaviours of caregivers, can increase demand for vaccination and vaccination coverage in rural Uttar Pradesh, India.

Impact of creative capacity building of local innovators and communities on income, welfare and attitudes in Uganda

Impact of creative capacity building of local innovators and communities on income, welfare and attitudes in Uganda

Impact evaluation 3ie 2020
Authors of this impact evaluation report evaluate the impact of a community-driven programme that helps agricultural communities identify and design their own tools and machines to meet their priority needs.

Impact evaluation of the integrated soil fertility management dissemination programme in Burkina Faso

Impact evaluation of the integrated soil fertility management dissemination programme in Burkina Faso

Impact evaluation 3ie 2020
Authors of this impact evaluation assess the effectiveness of the integrated soil fertility management practices to increase agricultural productivity and if demonstration plots, together with activities like trainings, videos, and so on can be used to promote the adoption of this practice in Burkina Faso.

2562

views

0

shares

    Tools

  • View report
    EN|
  • Download report
    EN |
  • Print Page
  • Share this page

Thank you for your interest in this publication

To download and save this document, please fill out this very short form. This will help us understand how our work is being used. We do not share your name or email with anyone.
You only have answer these questions once, provided you continue to use the same browser and don’t clear your cookies
Personal info

Footer menu

Our expertise

  • Evidence mapping
  • Impact evaluation
  • Synthesis
  • Evidence impact
  • Replication
  • Capacity development
  • Research transparency
  • Services
  • Advocacy

Evidence hub

  • 3ie Development Evidence Portal
  • Evidence gap maps
  • Replication studies
  • Publications
  • RIDIE

Our work

  • Agriculture
  • Education
  • Environment
  • Governance
  • Health
  • Humanitarian
  • Infrastructure
  • Livelihoods
  • Public finance
  • Social protection
  • Water, sanitation and hygiene
  • Philippines
  • Uganda
  • West Africa Capacity-building and Impact Evaluation
  • Replication Programme on Financial services for the poor
  • Replication Programme on HIV Prevention

Funding

  • Open opportunities
  • Bursary programme
  • Copyright © 2020 International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie)
  • All rights reserved
  • Terms of use
  • Privacy policy